MILK MANUFACTURING PROCESS/दूध निर्माण की प्रक्रिया/ दूध निर्मिती प्रक्रिया

MILK MANUFACTURING PROCESS:

MILK/ दूध

Milk is a valuable nutritious food that has a short shelf-life and requires careful handling. Milk is highly perishable because it is an excellent medium for the growth of microorganisms – particularly bacterial pathogens – that can cause spoilage and diseases in consumers. Milk processing allows the preservation of milk for days, weeks or months and helps to reduce food-borne illness.

                The usable life of milk can be extended for several days through techniques such as cooling (which is the factor most likely to influence the quality of raw milk) or fermentation. Pasteurization is a heat treatment process that extends the usable life of milk and reduces the numbers of possible pathogenic microorganisms to levels at which they do not represent a significant health hazard. Milk can be processed further to convert it into high-value, concentrated and easily transportable dairy products with long shelf-lives, such as butter, cheese and ghee.

Production processes for the main groups of dairy products and subsidiary operations:

• Fresh milk
• Products obtained from milk fat (cream and butter,Ghee)
• Fermented milks (yogurt,Buttermilk)
• Cheeses (ripened and soft)
•  Secondary operations.

             The milk processing section in processing plants contains all operations of milk like collecting milk from farmers, storing milk in tanks then separating, pasteurizing and homogenizing for making good quality milk products. The processing market in India is expected to grow at a CAGR of 20.5% over FY 2015 to FY 2020. The milk processing industry has traditionally been integral to India’s rural economy, and there are various factors contributing towards its growth. Recently, a number of established FMCG players ventured into the dairy segments through new product launches. Milk Processing Industry in India 2017, several established milk processing companies are looking to further expand their business and are looking to raise funds through IPOs.

                      This will further aid in the development of the country's milk processing industry. Increasing urbanization in the country is bringing more consumers in touch with various processed milk products. This, along with the rising income of Indians, has ensured that the market continues to experience strong growth. Increasing urbanization, rising incomes, and the proliferation of food and grocery retail outlets across tier 2 and tier 3 cities has led to an increasing accessibility and demand for processed milk products in India. However, the Indian milk processing industry is yet to achieve its full potential due to challenges such as gaps in the supply chain, insufficient cold storage and distribution facilities, and lack of quality feed.

                           Despite the challenges, growth in the Indian milk processing industry looks promising. The industry is seeing a number of established FMCG players foray into the dairy segment with new product launches. India is the largest producer of milk and dairy products in the world. The country has experienced tremendous improvement in per capita availability of milk over the last five years. Organized dairy products market in the country is witnessing growth, on account of rising demand for functional dairy products, due to their low fat and cholesterol content.

                                      India is witnessing entry of large number of international players, offering a variety of non-conventional dairy products such as yogurts and probiotic drinks. However, unorganized sector, which comprises small farmers, accounts for a majority share in the country’s dairy products market. Domestic players are also increasing their focus on offering products for health conscious consumers and introducing packaging innovations to strengthen their market position.

Process:  Collected Milk (From Farmers and Milk collection centers) is brought to the Plant by Milk Tankers===> Milk samples are taken and tested (Quality and Fat Content in LAB)===> After testing Signal is sent to unload the Milk Tanker====> Raw Milk is Stored in big storage tanks (Silos) ====> Milk from Silos is sent to the Plant for pre-treatment ===> Milk goes Through a chiller Bacteria Removal Clarifier once its is passed through the clarification process it is sent To Pasteurization Process ===> in Pasteurization Process milk  is heated to 72.5 degree centigrade for 15 seconds and cooled/chilled back to 4 degree centigrade to remove all the bacteria present in the raw milk for homogenized milk ===> milk is passed through the homogenize (here fat molecules are made smaller under high pressure) once the fat and milk is mixed thoroughly ===> now this pasteurized and homogenized milk is sent to the storage tanks for packing and labeled  as per the requirement with automated machines===> further they are placed in the crates with the help of robotic machines==> these crates are stacked one above the other and stored in the cold storage at temperature below 5 degree centigrade before they are dispatched.  

Actual process can be seen the below link:

https://youtu.be/h1Xp7p1taW0?list=PLCXHbldQAnixT25Z3aSghNIYWWXH4_CC4